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14 September 2018

KASTHOORI KARUPPU - For Respiratory Problems

KASTHOORI KARUPPU

Karuppu is a category of medicine among 32 types of internal medicine in siddha system. This category derives its name from the black colour of the final product. Sulphur and mercury are present in the recipe in some form or other and are the major contribution to the black colour in the combination. The commonly used Karuppu variety of medicine in siddha are Sivanar amritha, kasthoori karuppu, Thalaka Karuppu and Pattu karuppu.

Kasthoori karuppu is a Herbo-mineral combination drug in the form of very fine powder.


The ingredients of Kasthoori Karuppu are :

Musk (Kasthuri)(Moschus moschiferous) 
Borneol (Pachchai Karpuram)(Cinnamomum camphora)
Bezoar (Gorochanai)(Bos indious)
Saffron (Kumkumapoo)(Crocus sativus)
Purified Mercury(Rasam)
Purified Sulfur(Gandhakam)
Purified Cinnabar(Lingam)(Mercuric Sulphide Natural
Purified Calomel(Pooram)(Mercurous Chloride)
Purified Artificial Mercuric Sulfide (Rasa Chenduram)
Purified Yellow Orpiment (Thalakam/Aritharam)(Arsenic trisulphide)
Purified Red Orpiment (Manosilai)(Arsenic disulphide)
Long pepper(Thippili)(Piper longum)
and Ajowan (Omam)(Trachyspermum ammi)

The preparation method of this drug is explained in siddha text, Siddha vaidya thirattu. The usual dose of Kasthoori karuppu is 50-100mg and is given with adjuvants like honey, ginger juice or breast milk twice daily after food. This will cure fever, bronchitis, bronchial spasm, sore throat, cold etc. this will stimulate respiratory centers and enhances respiration. It is also very effective in neuralgic and nervous disorders such as arthritis and rheumatism. While taking this medicine one should observe strict diet restrictions. Patient should avoid tamarind, sour diet, alcohol, bitter gourd, non-vegetarian foods and tobacco. According to the condition of the patient this medicine can be co-prescribed with Thippili rasayanam, Thoothuvalai ney, Adathodai ney, Pavizha parpam, Thaleesadi churnam, Thalaka karuppu, Sivanar Amritham etc.


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13 September 2018

CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN SIDDHA PUBLISHED GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF DENGUE FEVER


About CCRS (CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN SIDDHA)

For the development of Siddha system of Medicine, Govt. of India, by bifurcating the erstwhile CCRAS (Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha), formed CCRS (Central Council for Research in Siddha) with its headquarters in Chennai and five Research Institutes/Units in three states Tamil Nadu (Chennai, Mettur & Palayamkottai), Puducherry (Puducherry) and Kerala (Thiruvananthapuram).

GUIDELINES FOR SIDDHA PRACTITIONERS FORCLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF DENGUE FEVER
Introduction
Dengue is considered to be one of the anthropod borne human viral infections. Aedes aegypti is the vector that spreads dengue fever. In Asian region, the death of most of thechildren is due to the dengue hemorrhagic fever. Dengue viruses belong to flaviviridae family. Dengue has four serotypes such as DNEV-1, DENV-2, DEVN-3, DEVN-4 which is mapped after the antibodies produced by the body after infection.
Epidemiology
Even though the infectious diseases are controlled by modern drug invention, the vector borne disease still remains a threat in the global health care. Dengue in Particular proves an economic burden to the developing countries Today about 2.5 billion people, or40% of the world’s population, live in areas with a risk of dengue transmission based on the information by World Health Organisation. Dengue is endemic in at least 100 countries in Asia, the Pacific, the Americas, Africa, and the Caribbean. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 50 to 100 million infections occur yearly, including 500,000 Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever cases and 22,000 death, mostly among children.
Transmission of the Dengue. 
The dengue Virus is transmitted by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, which are found throughout the world. Insects that transmit diseases are called vectors. Symptoms of infection usually begin 4 - 7 days after the mosquito bite and typically last for 3 - 10 days. For transmission to occur the mosquito must feed on a person during a 5-day period when large amounts of viruses are in the blood; this period usually begins a little before the person becomes symptomatic. Some people never have significant symptoms but can still be infected by mosquitoes. After entering the mosquito the virus will require an additional 8-12 days of incubation period before it gets transmitted to another human. The mosquito remains infected for the remaining period of its life, which may be 
days or a few weeks.

Clinical Stages and management:
Phases in Dengue
  • Febrile Phase
  • Hyperpyrexia, dehydration
  • Critical Phase
  • Severe hemorrhage, Plasma leakage and organ impairment
  • Recovery Phase
  • Recovering from illness
Febrile Phase:
  • Fever with head ache
  • Fever - "biphasic pattern"
  • Muscle and Joint pain
  • Generalized maculopapular rash
  • Abdominal discomfort – Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
  • Hemorrhagic rash
  • Clinically, the platelet count will drop until after the patient's temperature is normal.
Critical Phase:
  • High fever
  • Thrombocytopenia (<100,000 platelets per mm³)
  • Hematocrit - more than 20%
  • Encephalitic occurrences
  • Dengue shock syndrome
  • Weak speedy pulse
  • Narrow pulse pressure (Less than 20 mm of Hg)
  • Cold clammy skin and restlessness
  • Dengue shock syndrome as it is an emergency should be hospitalized immediately.
Dengue in Siddha:
Siddha system of Medicine describes all types of pyrexia under a heading Suram. It includes the vector borne diseases like malaria, dengue. Siddha correlates dengue to Pitha Suram.
Siddha literature, ‘Agastiyar sura nool 300’ describes that the ‘Pitha suram’ can causebleeding and it can be correlated to the hemorrhage in dengue fever. The symptoms described by the above mentioned text can also be correlated to those given in the definition of Dengue Fever.

Treatment in Siddha System
1. Nilavembu Kudineer – 30 ml two times a day for 7 days.
2. Papaya Leaf Juice – 10 ml two times a day for 7 days.
Prevention:
Nilavembu kudineer - 30 ml two times a day for 3 days.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever:
10-20 drops of Adathodai (Justicia adathoda) leaf juice mixed with equal quantity of honey
may be given for Dengue hemorrhagic fever.
In dengue hemorrhagic fever it is better to give drugs which are styptics and which will increase the platelet count. Along with any one of the above said prescriptions the following
should be added.
Prescription Guide lines:
Management of Fever
Nilavembu kudineer, Pittasura kudineer, Bramhananda Bairavam Tablet.
Prevention of Hemorrhagic symptoms
  • Imbural vatakam
  • Padiga poongavi Chenduram
  • Kavikkal Chooranam
  • General health improvement
  • Nellikai lehyam – 5 Gm BID
  • Triphalachooranam tablet – 2 BID
  • Amukkara chooranam tablet- 2
Prevention of recurrence:
Regular usage of Nilavembu Kudineer and Adathodai Kudineer will help much.
Haemorrhage - Papaya leaf juice 5 ml Daily increases platelet production.
Vector control:
  • Application of Karpoorathy Thylam
  • Neem leaves Fumigation
  • Usage of Poonkarpooram instead of Mosquito repellent mats
  • Closed Storage of Water.
  • Spraying of Mosquito Cidal spray in Water logged areas.
Evidence Based Siddha Medicine:
Compound / Single Formulation evidence based
1. Nilavembu kudineer
a) Antipyretic, Analgesic, Anti-dengue activity proved.
The methanol extracts of Andrographics paniculata and Memorida charantia possess the ability of inhibiting the activity of DENV-1 in in vitro assays (Anna PK ling et al, 2012).
b) Ethanolic extract of Nilavembu kudineer chooranam (EENKC) possesses antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity which supports Nilavembu kudineer chooranam
efficacy in chikungunya fever. (Anbarasu, 2011).
2. Adathodai kudineer (can also be used as larvicidal in prevention of vectors)
All the tested fractions have been proved to have strong larvicidal activity (doses
from 100 to 250 ppm) against C. Quinque fasciatus and A. aegypti in Methanolic extracts of A.vasica.
3. Veppilai chooranam (Herbal powder)
The effect of Azadirachta indica leaf extract and the pure compound - Azadirachtinon the replication of Dengue virus type-2 has also been reported (Parida et al , 2002)
Compound / Single formulation (evidence based)
1. Amukkara chooranam
Ashwagandha prevents myelosuppression in mice treated with all three immunosuppressive drugs tested. A significant increase in hemoglobin concentration (P < 0.01), red blood cell count (P < 0.01), white blood cell count (P < 0.05), platelet count (P < 0.01), and body weight (P < 0.05) was observed in Ashwagandha-treated mice as compared with untreated (control) mice. We also report an immune stimulatory activity: treatment with Ashwagandha was accompanied by significant increases in hemolytic antibody responses towards human erythrocytes 
(Ziauddin et al,1996)
2. Amman Pacharisi Karkam
The researchers subjected Euphorbia hirta leaves to decoction, a method of extraction performed through boiling. Tawa-tawa’s platelet-increasing activity was tested on laboratory experimental rats, specifically Sprague-Dawley. According to Lopez, results of the study showed that the tawa-tawa extract was effective in increasing the platelet count of rats without notable effects in red blood cell and white blood cell counts.
The group also concluded that the platelet increasing property of tawa-tawa works
through the stimulation of platelet production in the bone marrow (Lopez et al 2011)
Conclusion:
Medical system regains their value when they are effectively utilized in public health out breaks. In dengue outbreaks the details about Siddha intervention in dengue may be helpful and by which a large number of sufferers may be benefited.
References
1. Tang et al, Screening of anti-dengue activity in Methanolic extracts of medicinal plants,
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012.
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/12/3
2. Anbarasu et al, Antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of Nilavembu
kudineer chooranam: a classical preparation used in the treatment of Chikungunya fever , Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine Volume 4, Issue 10, October 2011, Pages 819–823.
3. Parida et al , Inhibitory potential of neem (Azadirachta indica Juss) leaves on dengue virus type-2 replication, J Ethnopharmacol. 2002 Feb;79(2):273-8.
4. Thanigaivelan et al , Larvicidal efficacy of Adhatoda vasica (L.) Nees against the
bancroftian filariasis vector Culex quinquefasciatus Say and dengue vector Aedes aegypti
L. in in vitro condition, Parasitol Res. 2012 May;110(5):1993-9.
5. Lopez et al ,“A study on the Mechanism of Platelet Increasing Activity of the Decoction and Ethanolic Extraction of Euphorbia hirta L. (Euphorbiaceae) as treatment for dengue.”
http://www.varsitarian.net/sci_tech/20090630/breaking_new_scientific_grounds.
6. Ziauddin M, N Phansalkar, P Patki, S Diwanay and B Patwardhan, 1996. Studies on the immunomodulatory effects of Ashwagandha. J. Ethnopharmacol, 50: 69-76.


contact details
CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN SIDDHA
Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India
SCRI Building, Anna Govt. Hospital Campus, Arumbakkam, Chennai – 600106
Phone: 2621 1621, 2621 2421 Fax: 044-2621 1621,
Website: www.siddhacouncil.com, www.siddharesearchcouncil.org, Email: ccrschennai@gmail.com

12 September 2018

After heavy rains it may be time of Dengue....in Kerala

Know Dengue, take preventive measures and be safe...


  • It is a Viral fever
  • Spreads by Mosquito (Aedes Aegypti)




Symptoms to Remember

  • High Fever, Usually sudden onset
  • Head Ache, Pain behind eyes
  • Muscle and Joint pain
  • Reddish Rashes in the body
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • bleeding in gums and through nose



Prevention

  • Use Mosquito nets and full sleeve clothing to avoid mosquito bite.
  • Reduce breeding spots of mosquito near your living place.
  • Intake good quantity of water.







To keep the body in good health is a duty... otherwise we shall not be able to keep our mind strong and clear. -Buddha-



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PADIKARA PARPAM - For Urinary Problems

PADIKARA PARPAM

Padikara Parpam is a classical siddha medicine widely used in the management of urinary problems. The formulation of this medicine is explained in famous siddha literature called 'Brahmamuni Karukkadai 300'

Common Alum and egg white are the raw materials used for the production. 200 mg to 300 mg is the dosage of this medicine. This medicine can be given with Aerva Juice ( Juice of Aerva lanatta)(ചെറൂള സ്വരസം )(சிருபீளை சாறு) or Asteracantha juice (വയല്‍ ചുള്ളി) (நீர்முள்ளி) or Small caltrops juice/Tribulus Juice (ഞെരിഞ്ഞില്‍) (நெருஞ்சில்) or common adjuvants like ghee or honey may used. This will cure retention of urine, Dysuria (Painful urination), Inflamation of uro-genital organs, Haematuria, stomatitis and Dysmenorrhoea. It will also cure gonorrhoea, urinary obstruction, urinary obstruction due to any growth in the passage and menorrhagia.


Useful Links

5. IMPCOPS

10 September 2018

UPPU CHENDURAM - For Painful Menstruation

UPPU CHENDURAM

Chenduram is one among the 32 types of siddha internal medicine with reddish in colour and a powdery form. Uppu Chenduram is processed out of two ingredients, Kalluppu (Sochal Salt) and Rasam (Purified Mercury). Kalluppu is a special type of salt obtained from the rocks inside the sea. The medicine is processed with leaf juice of Bael tree (Aegel Marmalose) and water lettuce (Pistia) plant juice. The literature reference of this medicine is in classical siddha text, Pulippani Vaidyam 500.
This medicine is said to retain its potency for 75 years if kept in cool and dry place. The dosage of this medicine is 100 -200 mg twice a day and can be given with honey as adjuvent. It will be very much effective in treating Colic, Indigestion and burning sensation in the the abdomen. It can be given with 2 gm of Gunma Kudori Mezhugu (a siddha medicine) for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (Painful Menstruation) and Colic.


 Usefull links


1. Bael tree (Aegel Marmalose)2. water lettuce (Pistia)3. IMPCOPS

08 September 2018

CHIRATTAI THYLAM - For Skin Problems

CHIRATTAI THYLAM

This is a special traditional herbal formulation in siddha medicine used for the treatment of various skin diseases. This is the oil content of the coconut shell, extracted with special methods. Broken pieces of coconut shell is placed inside a specially made apparatus called 'Kuzhi thyla Karuvi' and oil is extracted.
'Kuzhi Thyla Karuvi'
The apparatus used for the preparation of Chirattai thylam.

This medicine is used externally only. It can be used for chronic skin diseases, ring worm infections, eczema, and thickening of the skin according to the condition. It is usually used after diluting with equal quantity of coconut oil. In some skin conditions it can also be used along with Amritha Vennai, another siddha medicine used in the treatment of skin diseases. It may be used as such in special conditions like warts and corn foot.


In- vitro Antibacterial activity study has been conducted for this medicine and results are published in World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. The good antibacterial activity of sirattai thylam against Staphylococcus aureus, etc is an indication that the sirattai thylam is beneficial as a cure for skin diseases. The inhibiting nature of sirattai thylam reveals that the simple process and single ingredient provides a significant effect against the gram positive and negative bacteria. - [Sivakkumar, Juliet, Antibacterial Activity of Topical Siddha Medicine Sirattai Thylam Against Selected Human Pathogens, World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research., 2015, Vol 4, Issue 10] 


Usefull Links

1. Coconut

07 September 2018

THETHANKOTTAI LEHYAM - A CONFECTION FOR PILES AND FISTULA

THETHANKOTTAI LEHYAM

This medicine is a poly herbal confection mentioned in ancient siddha literature Agasthyar Paripooranam 400. Thetrankottai (Strychnos potatorum seeds) is the main ingredient of this medicine.  


In addition to Thetrankottai, there are 9 other ingradients. That are Milaku (Pepper), Chukku (Dry Ginger), Thippili (Long Pepper) Kadukkai (Chebulic Myrobalan), Nellikkai (Dry Goose berry), Thandrikkai ( Terminallia Bellirica), Chittarathai (Alpinia galanga), Jeerakam (Cumin Seeds), and Sugar. All these ingredients are processed in cows milk, Ghee and Honey to make final medicine.

This medicine is good source of energy. 5 to 10 gm of this medicine given with  100 - 200 mg of Naga parpam is a classical combination for curing bleeding piles. Thethankottai lehyam is also very effective in Leucorrhoea (white Discharge), Fistula, Gonorrhea etc. For common piles and related dieturbances this drug can be prescribed with 200-400mg of Nathai parpam. As it is rich in caloric value it is highly recommended in loss of body weight, emaciation, anorexia etc. The usual adjuvants of this medicine is milk/hot water and is adviced to consume twice daily after food.


  Usefull links
2.  Milaku (Pepper)
3. Chukku (Dry Ginger)
4. Thippili (Long Pepper)
5. Kadukkai (Chebulic Myrobalan)
6. Nellikkai (Dry Goose berry)
7. Thandrikkai ( Terminallia Bellirica)
8. Chittarathai (Alpinia galanga)
9. Jeerakam (Cumin Seeds)
10. IMPCOPS
11. SKM siddha and Ayurveda
12. Santhigiri Ayurveda and Siddha Vaidyasala

06 September 2018

NATHAI PARPAM - AN EXCELLENT REMEDY FOR PILES

NATHAI PARPAM

Nathai parpam is a classical siddha medicine which is prepared by the process of calcination. The main ngradient of this medicine is the Apple snails. Apple snail is a fresh water snail abundant in the paddy fields and ponds of south india.


Nathai parpam is in powder form like white ashes. The reference text of this medicine is Siddha vaidya thirattu. Thuthi leaf Juice (Abutilon leaf juice) or in some process Aleo vera Juice are used in the making of Nathai Parpam.  The therapeutic dosage of this medicine is 200 to 400 mg. This is given with ghee or butter as adjuvents for better results.


The main indication for this medicine is bleeding piles. This will also be very much effective in dysentery, loos motion and inflammation of anal spincter.
According to the condition of the patient this medicine can also be given with other siddha medicines like Naga parpam, Thetran kottai lehyam, Karunai Lehyam, Imbural Lehyam, Amai Odu Parpam, Moolakudara Thylam etc


  Usefull links

3. IMPCOPS